Frost & Sullivan 2014: "We identified eight key aspects that define a smart city: smart governance, smart energy, smart building, smart mobility, smart infrastructure, smart technology, smart healthcare and smart citizen.".European Commission: "A smart city is a place where traditional networks and services are made more efficient with the use of digital solutions for the benefit of its inhabitants and business.".Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, UK 2013: "he concept is not static: there is no absolute definition of a smart city, no end point, but rather a process, or series of steps, by which cities become more 'liveable' and resilient and, hence, able to respond quicker to new challenges.".Caragliu, Del Bo, & Nijkamp, 2011: “A city can be defined as smart when investments in human and social capital and traditional transport and modern ICT infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through participatory governance.”.Excelling in these key areas can be done so through strong human capital, social capital, and/or ICT infrastructure." Business Dictionary, : "A developed urban area that creates sustainable economic development and high quality of life by excelling in multiple key areas economy, mobility, environment, people, living, and government.A smart city would thus be a city that not only possesses ICT technology in particular areas, but has also implemented this technology in a manner that positively impacts the local community. The territorialisation of practices that brings ICT and people together to enhance the innovation and knowledge that they offer.ĭeakin defines the smart city as one that utilizes ICT to meet the demands of the market (the citizens of the city), and states that community involvement in the process is necessary for a smart city.The embedding of such Information and Communications Technologies in government systems.The use of ICT to transform life and working environments within the region.The application of a wide range of electronic and digital technologies to communities and cities.Deakin and Al Waer list four factors that contribute to the definition of a smart city: Many cities have already adopted some sort of smart city technology.ĭue to the breadth of technologies that have been implemented under the smart city label, it is difficult to distill a precise definition of a smart city. Yet, the term itself remains unclear in its specifics and therefore, open to many interpretations. A smart city may therefore be more prepared to respond to challenges than one with a conventional "transactional" relationship with its citizens. Smart city applications are developed to manage urban flows and allow for real-time responses. ICT is used to enhance quality, performance and interactivity of urban services, to reduce costs and resource consumption and to increase contact between citizens and government. Smart city technology allows city officials to interact directly with both community and city infrastructure and to monitor what is happening in the city and how the city is evolving. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology ('ICT'), and various physical devices connected to the Internet of things ('IoT') network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and connect to citizens. Sharing data from different systems and sectors creates opportunities for increased understanding and economic benefits. In smart cities the sharing of data in not limited to the city itself but also includes businesses, citizens and other third parties that can benefit from various uses of that data. Smart cities are defined as smart both in the ways in which their governments harness technology as well as in how they monitor, analyze, plan, and govern the city. This includes data collected from citizens, devices, buildings and assets that is processed and analyzed to monitor and manage traffic and transportation systems, power plants, utilities, water supply networks, waste, Criminal investigations, information systems, schools, libraries, hospitals, and other community services. Information gained from that data is used to manage assets, resources and services efficiently in return, that data is used to improve operations across the city. A smart city is a technologically modern urban area that uses different types of electronic methods and sensors to collect specific data.
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